A Review of the Flotation of Copper Minerals

Authors

  • Tinashe O. Ndoro Department of Metallurgical Engineering, University of Zimbabwe, Box MP167 Harare, Zimbabwe.
  • Lordwell K. Witika Department of Mineral Processing and Metallurgy, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.

Keywords:

Flotation, recovery, refractory.

Abstract

Copper is most commonly present in the earth

References

X. Yuan, B. Palsson and K. Forssberg, "Statistical interpretation of flotation kinetics for a complex sulphide ore," Minerals Engineering, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 429-442, 1996.

R. Sripiya, P. Rao and B. Choudhury, "Optimisation of operating variables of fine coal flotation using a combination of modified flotation parameters and statistical techniques," International Journal of Mineral Processing, vol. 68, no. 1-4, pp. 109-127, 2003.

R. Klimpel, "The Influence of Frother Structure on Industrial Coal Flotation," Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, pp. 141-151, 1995.

V. Kohad, "Flotation of Sulphide Ores," Froth Flotation: Recent trends, pp. 18-41, 1998.

W. A. Rickelton, The Liberation Characteristics of Ores, Leeds: University of Leeds, 1972.

X. Wang and K. Forssberg, "The Solution Electrochemistry of sulfide-xanthate-cyanide systems in sulfide mineral flotation.," vol. 9, no. 5, 1996.

V. Glembotskii, V. Klassen and I. Plaksin, Flotation, New York: Primary Sources, 1963.

E. M. Coelho, "Flotation of Oxidised Copper:An Infrared Spectroscopic Study,Thesis," University of British Columbia, 1972.

S. M. Bulatovic, Handbook of flotation reagents Vol 1: Chemistry, Theory and Practice and Flotattion of Sulphide Ores, Elsevier Science and Technology Books, 2007.

K. Kongolo, M. Kipoka, K. Minanga and M. Mpoyo, "Improving the efficiency of oxide copper cobalt ores flotation by combination of sulphidisers," Minerals Engineering, vol. 16, pp. 1023-1026, 2003.

T. P. Phetla and E. Muzenda, "A multistage sulphidisation flotation procedure for a low grade Malachite Copper ore.," International Journal of Chemical, Molecular, Nuclear, Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, vol. 4, no. 9, pp. 580-586, 2010.

S. Bulatovic, A. Bigg and T. Yen, "Laboratory Development Testwork on Kolwezi and Komoto Oxide and Mixed Copper Cobalt Ores," 1982.

K. Lee, D. Archibald, J. Mclean and M. Reuter, "Flotation of mixed copper oxide and sulphide minerals with xanthate and hydroxamate collectors," Minerals Engineering, vol. 22, pp. 395-401, 2009.

S. Bulatovic, "Flotation of Oxide Copper and Copper Cobalt Ores," in Handbook of Flotation Reagents: Chemistry, Theory and Practice Volume 2, Elsevier Science and Technology Books, 2010, pp. 47-65.

M. Mwema and M. Mpoyo, "Improvements of cobalt recovery in flotation of cupro-cobaltiferrous ore art Gecamines," in Proceedings of the Copper Cobalt Nickel and Zinc Recovery Conference, Victoria Falls, 2001.

B. Wills and T. Napier-Munn, An introduction to the practical aspects of ore treatment and mineral recovery, 7th ed., Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2006.

A. Numprasanthai, "An investigation of chrysocolla flotation using n-octahydroxamate collector, Phd Thesis, Griffiths University," 2013.

T. Hughes, "AM-2 A hydroxamate flotation collector reagent for oxides and oxide mineral systems," Australian Journal of Mining, pp. 58-59, 2005.

N. Vreugde, "Flotation Characterisics of Arsenopyrite: UBC Doctoral Thesis," 1982.

G. Poling, "Flotation of oxidised copper," Santiago, 1973.

T. Deng and J. Chen, "Treatment of oxidised copper ores with emphasis on refractory ores," Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, vol. 7, no. 3-4, pp. 175-202, 1991.

A. Mulaba and D. Bell, "Some aspects of laboratory flotation of Copper-Co minerals from mixed oxide ores.," Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, pp. 191-200, 2005.

F. Aplan and D. Fuerstanau, "Chapter 7," in Froth Flotation, New York, AIME, 1962, pp. 170-214.

J. Saquet, "Kolwezi Mining and Metallurgical Operation of Union Muniere du Haut Katanga," Mining Engineering, vol. 14, no. 12, pp. 71-81, 1962.

J. Normand, "The adsorption of potassium octyl hydroxamate on Malachite,Thesis for Masters in Metallurgical Engineering," McGill University, Montreal, 1974.

J. Saquet, "Kolwezi Mining and Metallurgical Operation of Union Miniere du Haut Katanga," Mining Engineering, vol. 14, no. 12, pp. 71-81, 1975.

S. Bulatovic, "The Investigation into Recovery of Gold Containing Cuprite Ores using Sulphidisation with Ester Modified Xanthate, Report of Investigation LR3894," 1996.

S. Castro, H. Gaytan and S. Goldfarb, "The stabilising effect of sodium sulphide on the collector coating of chrysocolla.," International Journal of Mineral Processing, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 71-82, 1976.

G. Gonzales, "The recovery of chrysocolla with different long chain surface-active agents as flotation collectors.," Journal of Applied Chemistry Biotechnology, vol. 16, no. 28, pp. 31-38, 1978.

G. Hope, A. Buckley, G. Parker, A. Numprasanthai, R. Woods and J. Mclean, "The Interaction of n-octanohydroxamate with chrysocolla and oxide copper surfaces.," Minerals Engineering, vol. 36, no. 38, pp. 2-11, 2012.

M. Ray, "Memoirs of milling and process metallurgy: flotation of oxidised ores," Transactions of the Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, vol. 88, pp. C125-250, 1979.

D. Nagaraj, "The chemistry and application of chelating or complexing agents in mineral separations.," in Reagents in Mineral Technology, P. Somasundran and B. Mondgil, Eds., New York, Marcel Dekker, 1987, pp. 257-334.

D. Fuerstanau, R. Herrera-Urbina and D. McGlashan, "Studies on the applicability of chelating agents as universal collectors for copper minerals.," International Journal of Mineral Processing, vol. 58, pp. 15-33, 2000.

J. Lee, D. Nagaraj and J. Coe, "Practical aspects of oxide copper recovery with alkyl hydroxamates.," International Journal of Mineral Processing, vol. 11, no. 10, pp. 929-939, 1998.

D. Nagaraj and S. Ravishankar, "Flotation Reagents - A critical overview from an Industry Perspective," in Froth Flotation: A century of innovation, Littleton, Colorado, Society for Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration, 2007, p. 375.

S. Bulatovic, Handbook of flotation reagents Vol 1: Chemistry, Theory and Practice and Flotattion of Sulphide Ores, Elsevier Science and Technology Books, 2007.

K. Xiong and G. Zheng, "Process Mineralogy and Flotation Kinetics of a Copper Oxide Ore during Sulfuration Flotation.," Advanced Materials Research, pp. 3460-3465, 2013.

R. Crozier, Flotation Theory, Reagents and Ore Testing., New York: Pergamon Press, 1992.

A. Newell, W. Skinner and D. Bradshaw, "Restoring the floatability of oxidised sulphides using sulphidisation," International Journal of Mineral Processing, no. 84, pp. 108-117, 2007.

C. Zhan-Fang, Z. Hong, L. Guang-yi and Z. Shi-juan, "Techniques of copper recovery from Mexican copper oxide ore," Mining Science and Technology, no. 19, pp. 0045-0048, 2009.

L. Dianwen, F. Jianjing, Z. Xialin, W. Shuming, W. Zhicong and B. Shaojun, "Sulphidisatiopn Promotion Effect of Ammonium Sulphate on Flotation of Copper Oxide ore," Advanced Materials Research, no. 524-527, pp. 1109-1114, 2012.

F. Xiong, Y. Li, Z. Zhang and Y. Lan, "Flotation response of the refractory Yangla copper oxide ores with hydroxamate collectors," Advanced Materials Research, no. 803, pp. 131-136, 2013.

F. Xiong, Y. Li, Z. Zhang and Y. Lan, "Flotation of low-grade DongChuan copper oxide ores with xanthate and Hydroxamate collectors," Advanced Materials Research, no. 803, pp. 137-141, 2013.

G. Parker, A. Buckley, R. Woods and G. Hope, "The interaction of the flotation reagent, n-octahydroxamate with sulphide minerals," Minerals Engineering, no. 36-38, pp. 81-90, 2012.

J. Lenormand, T. Salman and R. Yoon, "Hydroxamate flotation of malachite," Canadia Metallurgical Quarterly, no. 18, pp. 125-129, 1979.

E. Danilova, L. Otrozhdennove and I. Mikheeva, "Flotation of oxidised copper minerals by hydroxamic acid," Obogoshenic Rud, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 5-8, 1975.

L. Evrard and J. DeCyper, "Flotation of copper-cobalt ores with alkyl hydroxamates," in Proceedings of the 11th International Mineral Processing Congress, Cagliari, 1975.

D. Fuerstanau and H. Peterson.United States of America Patent 3438494, 1969.

Popperle.Germany Patent 700735, 1940.

Y. Mao, S. Wen, J. Fang, Z. Wei, T. Zhang and T. Jiang, "Experimental Investigation on Flotation of Refractory Oxidised Ore," Applied Mechanics and Materials, no. 522-524, pp. 1509-1512, 2014.

Y. Wang, S. Wen, D. Liu, Q. Cao, Q. Feng and C. Lv, "Sulphidising Flotation of Copper Oxide Ore," Advanced Materials Research, no. 807-809, pp. 2279-2283, 2013.

P. Wang, H. Dai, L. Gao and G. Xu, "Flotation test research on refractory copper oxide ore by using combined activators.," Advanced Materials Research, no. 668, pp. 188-193, 2013.

Y. Wen, J. Fang, Y. Mao, S. Wang, J. Liu and W. Zhao, "Flotation of a Refractory Copper Oxide Ore using Ammonium Bicarbonate as Activator," Advanced Materals Research, no. 581-582, pp. 969-974, 2012.

A. Marabini, M. Barbaro and V. Aless, "New reagents in sulphide mineral flotation," International Journal of Mineral Processing, no. 33, pp. 291-306, 1991.

M. Barbaro, R. Herrera-Urbina, C. Cozza and D. Fuerstanau, "Flotation of oxidised minerals of copper using a new synthetic reagent as collector," International Journal of Mineral Processing, vol. 50, pp. 275-287, 1997.

Downloads

Published

2017-07-02

How to Cite

O. Ndoro, T., & K. Witika, L. (2017). A Review of the Flotation of Copper Minerals. International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research (IJSBAR), 34(2), 145–165. Retrieved from https://www.gssrr.org/index.php/JournalOfBasicAndApplied/article/view/7590

Issue

Section

Articles