Effectiveness and Sustainability of Environmental NGO Performance in Reforestation Activities

Authors

  • La Ode Muhammad Rabiali Graduate School on Management of Ecotourism and Environmental Services, Department of Forest Conseervation and Ecoturism, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agriculture University, Bogor 16680
  • Ricky Avenzora Graduate School on Management of Ecotourism and Environmental Services, Department of Forest Conseervation and Ecoturism, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agriculture University, Bogor 16680
  • Sofyan Sjaf Graduate School on Management of Ecotourism and Environmental Services, Department of Forest Conseervation and Ecoturism, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agriculture University, Bogor 16680

Keywords:

Effective, performance, environmental NGO, sustainable.

Abstract

Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are important actors in sustainable development. This organization is considered the core of civil society that not only actively encourages the provision of public services and democratization but also oversees and criticizes the policy of the unfair state. Although the number continues to increase (in year 2000, the number reached 13.400), but in fact they have not been able to give achievements in the management of natural resources and environment. The research was conducted on environmental NGOs in 3 different regions (Yogyakarta, Kolaka and Muna) with the objective of measuring their performance in reforestation activities based on legal, technical and social aspects. Data collection was done by using Close Ended Questionnaire, where each criterion and indicator was assessed based on scoring system, which refers to system: One Score One Indicator Scoring System (Avenzora, 2008). To interpret each value the Phenomenology approach was used, while to see the difference of perspective from each stakeholder, Kruskall Wallis analysis was used. The results showed that the performance of environmental NGOs in reforestation activities was not effective and sustainable. This was shown by poorly score of 2 and/or rather poor score of 3 of each assessment criteria value in legal, technical and social aspects.

References

. Altinay L dan Paraskevas A. 2008. Planning Research in Hospitality and Tourism. Burlington (US): Butterworth-Heinemann.

. Antaranews. 2015. Rp.12 Trillion of Indonesian CSR Fund Has Not Been Managed Maximally. [internet]. [downloaded 2017 October 18th]. Available on: http://www.antaranews.com/berita/509654/rp12-triliun-dana-csr-indonesia-belum-dikelola-maksimal.

. Avenzora R. 2008. Assessment of Potential Tourism Objects. Ricky Avenzora. 2008. editor. Ecotourism Theory and Practice. Aceh (ID): BRR NAD-Nias.

. Baswir R. 2004. Problems of NGOs in Indonesian. Hamid Abidin dan Mimin Rukmini. 2004. editor. Criticism and Autocriticsm of NGOs: Dismantling Honesty and Openness of Indonesian Non-Governmental Organizations. Jakarta (ID): Piramedia, Ford Fondation dan TIFA Foundation.

. BPK RI. 2008. The Result of Second Semester Investigation of Fiscal Year 2007 on Forest and Land Rehabilitation (RHL) Activities in West Java and East Java. Jakarta (ID): BPK RI.

. BPS. 2015. Indicators of People's Welfare. Jakarta (ID): Central Bureau of Statistics.

. Brundtland GH. 1987. Our Common Future: World Commission on Enviroment and Development. British (GB). Oxford: OUP.

. Charnovitz S. 2009. Accountability of NGOs in Global Governance. Lisa Jordan and Peter Van Tuijl. editor. NGO Accountability: Politics, Principles and Innovation. Jakarta (ID): LP3ES.

. Clough RH dan Sears GA. 1991. Construction Project Management. Edisi Ketiga. New York (US): John Wiley.

. Edwards M. 2000. NGO Right and Responsibilities: A New Deal for Global Governance. London (GB): Foreign Policy Centre.

. FAO. 1985. Guidelines: Land Evaluation for Irrigated Agriculture. FAO Soils Buletin 55. Rome. FAO of the United Nations.231 p.

. Finkbeiner BL dan Finkbeiner CA. 2016. Practice Management for the Dental Team. St. Louis: Elsevier.

. Freidmann J. 1992. Empowerment: The Politics of Alternative Development. Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishers.

. Garilao ED. 1987. Indegenous NGOs as Strategic Institutions: Managing the Relationship with Goverment and Resource Agencies. World Developments 15, Supplement.

. Gill J dan Johnson P. 1997. Research Methods for Managers (2nd edn). London (GB): Paul Chapman Publishing.

. Golup S. 2009. NGO Accountability and Certification Board of Philippine NGOs: Role and Problem Development. Lisa Jordan dan Peter Van Tuijl. 2009. editor. NGO Accountability: Politics, Principles and Innovation. Jakarta (ID): LP3ES.

. Hasibuan MSP. 2002. Human Resource Management. Jakarta (ID): Bumi Aksara.

. Hernoko AY. 2010. Contract Law of Proportionality Principles in Commercial Contacts. Jakarta (ID): Kencana Prenada Media Group.

. Ibrahim R. 2000. NGOs, Democracy and Human Rights. Rustam Ibrahim. 2000. editor. The NGO Agenda of Welcoming the Year 2000: A Reflection of Two Decades of NGO Experience. Jakarta (ID): CESDA-LP3ES.

. Jani L. 2004. Good NGO Governance. Hamid Abidin dan Mimin Rukmini. 2004. editor. Criticism and Autocriticsm of NGOs: Dismantling Honesty and Openness of Indonesian Non-Governmental Organizations. Jakarta (ID): Piramedia, Ford Fondation dan TIFA Foundation.

. KEHATI. 2015. Annual Report 2015. Jakarta (ID): Foundation of KEHATI.

. LP3ES. 2004. Why Do NGOs Need a Code of Ethics? Hamid Abidin dan Mimin Rukmini. 2004. editor. Criticism and Autocriticsm of NGOs: Dismantling Honesty and Openness of Indonesian Non-Governmental Organizations. Jakarta (ID): Piramedia, Ford Fondation dan TIFA Foundation.

. Lukiastuti F dan Hamdani M. 2012. Non Parametric Statistics: Application in Economy and Business. Yogyakarta (ID): CAPS.

. Mathis RL dan Jackson JH. 2009. Human Resource Management. Jakarta (ID): Salemba Empat.

. Nasution Z. 2003. Land and Forest Management in the Lake Toba Catchment Area. University Sains Malaysia.

. Nugraha A. 2000. Quo Vadis of Indonesian Forestry: A Contemplation Treasury of a Forester. Yogyakarta (ID): BIGRAF Publishing.

. Praja AN. 2009. Distortion of Non-Governmental Organizations in Civil Society Perspective in Grobongan District. Thesis. Semarang (ID): Magister of Politic Science, Post Graduate School of Diponegoro University.

. Projodikoro W. 1993. Principles of Contract Law. Bandung (ID): Sumur

. Purwanto E. 2012. Environmental Nationalism: Conservation Message from Lambusango. Bogor (ID): Foundation of Operation Wallacea Trust.

. Rasdullah. 2004. How to Control NGOs: The Ordinary people views. Hamid Abidin and Mimin Rukmini. 2004. editor. Criticism and Autocriticsm of NGOs: Dismantling Honesty and Openness of Indonesian Non-Governmental Organizations. Jakarta (ID): Piramedia, Ford Fondation and TIFA Foundation.

. Reksohadipradjo S. 1997. Project management. Yogyakarta (ID): BPFE

. Ritung S, Wahyunto, Agus F, Hidayat H. 2007. Land Suitability Evaluation Guide with Sample of Referral Maps of Land Use of West Aceh Regency. Bogor (ID): Soil Research Institute and World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF).

. Saputra A, Ricky A, Dudung D, Rachmad H. 2016. Bogor Community Orientation to Air Comfort Value. Research of Forestry Social and Economy. Vol. 13 No 3 December 2016, Page 177-187.

. Scanlon MM dan Alawiyah T. 2014. NGO Sector in Indonesia: Context, Concept and Profile. Canberra (AU): Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade.

. Scholte JA. 2004. Civil Society and Democratically Accountable Global Governance. Government and Opposition. Vol 39. Hlm 211-230.

. Sinaga K. 2001. NGO Billion Business. Jakarta (ID): Info Bisnis.

. Slim H. 2002. By What Authority? The Legitimacy and Accountability of Non Governmental Organizations. Journal of Humanitarian Assistance. www.jha.ac/articles.

. SMERU. 2016. SMERU's Working Paper: Comprehensive Determination of Criteria and Variables of Poor People Data Collection for Protecting Poor People in Regency. Jakarta (ID): The SMERU Research Institute.

. Spencer LM, dan Spencer S. 1993. Competence at Work: Model for Superior Performance. New York (US): John Wiley and Sons.

. Spiro PJ.2002. Accounting for NGOs. Chicago Journal of International Law. Vol 3. Hlm 161-169.

. Sudarmanto. 2009. Performance and Development of Human Resources Competency: Theory, Measurement Dimension, and Implementation in Organization. Yogyakarta (ID): Pustaka Pelajar.

. Sudjatmo. 1988. The Spirit of Cooperation and Openness is Important. Jakarta (ID): Prisma XVII, No.4.

. Sudrajat DJ, Nurhasybi, dan Bramasto Y. 2015. Standarts of Testing and Forest Plant Seed Quality. Djoko Iriantono, Muhammad Zanzibar, dan Pujo Setio. Editor. Bogor (ID): Forda Press.

. Sumodiningrat G. 1999. Community Empowerment: JPS. Jakarta (ID): Gramedia Pustaka Utama.

. Tampubolon N. 2017. Valuation of the Value of Enviromental Amanities for the Community of Bandar Lampung. Thesis. Bogor (ID): Bogor Agricultural Institute.

. Terry GR. 1997. Principle of Management. New York (US): Richard.D.Irwin,Inc.

. Uphoff N. 1995. Why NGOs are not a Third Sector: a Sectoral Analysis with Some Thoughts on Accountability, Sustainability and Evaluation. Michael Edward dan David Hulme. editor. Non-Govermental Organizations Performance and Accountability. London (GB): Earthscan Publications.

. Vakil A. 1997. Confronting The Classification Problem: Towar a Taxonomy of NGOs. World Development. 25(12):2057-2070.

Downloads

Published

2018-01-30

How to Cite

Rabiali, L. O. M., Avenzora, R., & Sjaf, S. (2018). Effectiveness and Sustainability of Environmental NGO Performance in Reforestation Activities. International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research (IJSBAR), 37(2), 23–46. Retrieved from https://www.gssrr.org/index.php/JournalOfBasicAndApplied/article/view/8673

Issue

Section

Articles