Indonesian Cities Green Development Index: A Prototype Measurement
Keywords:
cities, index, Green development, Indicators, Prototype, Green Economy.Abstract
This study attempted to develop a model of performance evaluation instrument of green economic development, which has been run by the cities in Indonesia. This instrument referred to, as the Indonesian Green City Development Index (IGCDI). The purpose of this study was to determine indicators of urban green development, and a prototype for the evaluation of a model of green development indicators cities in Indonesia. The model was applied to several samples tested cities in Indonesia. IGCDI, in the early stages constructed of natural resources and environment, economic and social dimension. The major finding of this study is a drafting of green cities development indicators in Indonesia, along with the evaluation that measured using the index. Of several cities that made this prototype test sample, (9 city of 2 provinces), known cities ranking of green development, with the highest and lowest index, which can be used as an evaluation for the future development of green economy policies on the region.
References
Ansuategi, A., Barbier, E. B., and Perrings, C. A., “The environmental Kuznets curve,” in Theory and implementation of economic models for sustainable development. ed., J. C. J. M. van den Bergh and M. W. Hofkes, Ed. Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1998.
Antweiler,W., Copeland, B. R., and Taylor, M. S. (2001). “Is free trade good for the environment?”, American Economic Review, 9, 877-908.
BAPPENAS. National Action Plan on Climate Change Adaptation. Jakarta :Sinthesis Report, 2013.
Central Bureau of Indonesian Statistics (BPS). Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (SUSENAS) 2016. Jakarta : BPS, 2017.
Central Bureau of Indonesian Statistics (BPS). Indonesian Environmental Statistics 2014. Jakarta : BPS, 2015.
Central Bureau of Indonesian Statistics (BPS). Indonesian Environmental Statistics 2010. Jakarta : BPS, 2011.
Central Bureau of Indonesian Statistics (BPS). Indonesian Environmental Statistics 2007. Jakarta : BPS, 2018.
Choi, J., Hwang, M., Kim, G., Seong, J., and Ahn, J. (2016). ‘’Supporting the measurement of the United Nations’’ sustainable development goal 11 through the use of national urban information systems and open geospatial technologies: a case study of south Korea. Open Geospatial Data, Software and Standards, 1(1), 1.
Cole, M. A., Rayner, A. J. and Bates, J. M., (1997). “The environmental Kuznets curve: an empirical analysis.”, Environment and Development Economics, 2, 401-416.
Economist Intelligence Unit. The Green City Index. A summary of the Green City Index research series. Munich: Siemens AG, 2012
Environmental Performance Index (EPI). (2018). Yale Center for Environmental Law & Policy, Yale University Center for International Earth Science Information Network, Columbia University In collaboration with the World Economic Forum With support from The McCall MacBain Foundation and Mark T. DeAngelis.
Daly, Herman E., and John B. Cobb. For the Common Good. Boston : Beacon Press, 1989.
Dasgupta, S., Laplante, B., Wang, H., and Wheeler, D. (2002). “Confronting the environmental Kuznets curve.’’, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 16, 147-168.
Ekins, P. (1997). ‘’The Kuznets curve for the environment and economic growth: examining the evidence.’’, Environment and Planning A, 29, 805-830.
Emerson, J., D. C. Esty, M.A. Levy, C.H. Kim, V. Mara, A. de Sherbinin, and T. Srebotnjak. Environmental Performance Index. New Haven: Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy, 2010.
Hammer, S., L. Kamal., A.R. Chaoui., M. Plouin. (2011). “Cities and Green Growth: A Conceptual Framework.”, OECD Regional Development Working Papers 2011/08, OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5kg0tflmzx34-en
Iyengar, N.S. and P. Sudarshan. (1982). “A Method of classifying regions from multivariate data’’, Economic and Political Weekly, Special Article, 2048-52.
Kuznets, S. (1955). ‘’Economic growth and income inequality’’, American Economic Review, 49, 1-28.
Leitman. Et. al. Investing in a more sustainable Indonesia: Country Environment Analysis. CEA Series East Asia and Pacific Region.Washington DC: The World Bank, 2009.
Lewis, E. Green City Development Tool Kit. Manila: Asian Development Bank, 2015.
Ministry of Environment and Forestry. Indonesian Environmental Quality Index 2016., 2017, 136p.
Meijering, J. V., Kern, K., & Tobi, H. (2014). “Identifying the methodological characteristics of European Green City rankings.” Ecological Indicators, 43, 132 – 142.
Pace, R., G. Churkina, M. Rivera. (2016). “How green is a “Green City”? A review of existing indicators and approaches.”, IASS WorkING paper, Postdam. 27p.
Patnaik, U., and K. Narayanan. (2005). "Vulnerability and climate change: an analysis of the eastern coastal districts of India.” Human Security and Climate Change: An International Workshop, Asker.
R. Douthwarte. The growth Illusion. Totnes: Green Books, 1992.
Rodenburg, C.A., T. Baycan., E.S. Van Leeuwen., P. Nijkamp.( 2001). “Urban Economic Indicators for Green Development in Cities.”, Greener Management International, 2001(36), 105-119.
Simon, D., Arfvidsson, H., Anand, G., Bazaz, A., Fenna, G., Foster, K., and Nyambuga, C. (2016). “Developing and testing the Urban Sustainable Development Goal’s targets and indicators – a five-city study.”, Environment and Urbanization, 28(1), 49 – 63.
Stern, D.I. International society for ecological economics internet encyclopaedia of ecological economics the environmental Kuznets Curve. Department of Economics, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, 2013.
Suhariyanto. “ Monitoring Social Development in Indonesia.” Presented at the International Forum on Monitoring National Development: Issues and Challenges. Beijing , China, September, 27-29, 2011.
United Nations Environment Programme (UNDP). Green Economy Report: A Preview .UNEP. 2010. Green Economy can reduce poverty and help meet Millennium, 2010.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who submit papers with this journal agree to the following terms.
