Pattern of Admission and Outcome of Neonate Admitted to Adama Hospital Medical College Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Adama, Ethiopia
Keywords:
Neonatal admission, Treatment outcome, Sepsis, NICU, Adama, Ethiopia.Abstract
Background: Neonatal morbidity and mortality remains a major health problem, and contributes largely to under-five mortality, especially in developing countries. Hence, identifying the reasons for neonatal admission and outcomes in a hospital setting is important to improve the quality of existing practices in the hospital.
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the pattern of admission and outcomes of neonates admitted to Adama Hospital Medical College, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU).
Method: Institution based cross sectional study design was conducted. A total of 384 selected neonates who were admitted to Adama Hospital Medical College, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) from 11/09/2015 to 10/09/2016 were included in this study. The data was collected using data collection check list. By using SPSS version 20, simple frequency and bivariate logistic regression used to summarize socio-demographic and other variables. 95% CI and P value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 1550 neonates were admitted to NICU from 11/09/2015 to 10/09/2016, of those 384 were selected.
The most common cause of admission diagnosis at NICU was sepsis 78.4% (301), followed by prematurity 14.1% (54) and respiratory distress 8.3% (32).
Out of 384 selected neonates, 91.9% (353) improved and discharged, 4.9% (19) died, 1.8% (7) referred and 1.3% (5) left against medical advice. Among selected neonates deaths were high with the diagnosis of sepsis 52.6% (10) and respiratory distress 26.3% (5).
Conclusion: This study shows that sepsis, prematurity and respiratory distress were the most common cause of neonatal admission; and also neonatal jaundice, perinatal asphyxia and meconium aspiration syndrome contribute less. From admitted neonates 91.9% were improved and discharged and 4.9% were died, among this fatality was highest for sepsis.
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