International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research (IJSBAR)

Impacts of Authentic Assessments in Biology on the Learning of Grade 11 Students

Lea C. Garcia — 2025-02-21

Authentic assessments were used during the Covid-19 lockdown but since the educational environment is returning to its usual configuration, such assessments appear to be still useful in learning biology. To prove this claim, this research aimed to determine the impacts of authentic assessments in biology on Grade 11 students as well as to determine the students’ perceptions about authentic assessments. One hundred two (102) Filipino students at a public high school for SY 2022-2023 made up the participants which comprised the three (3) sections of the STEAM curriculum. This involved a qualitative design where observations were documented following the impacts identified by previous authors. On student perceptions, responses in the interview were subjected to thematic analysis. In poem writing, the impacts include cognition activation and development, vocabulary and literacy skills improvement, and self-expression. Comic strip’s impact is promotion of scientific literacy. Improvement of scientific skills is the impact for brochure making, modeling, role playing, case study analysis, infographics and mind mapping. Results show that students' perceptions are favorable. With the results, teachers are encouraged to prepare more authentic assessments in biology teaching. Likewise, this study should be carried out across other academic disciplines.

Work Empowerment and Career Adaptability Competencies in Dual Teachers: A Systematic Review

Gao Yan — 2025-02-17

Dual teachers in applied universities play a pivotal role in bridging academic instruction with industry practices, yet they face unique challenges balancing these dual responsibilities. This systematic review explores factors influencing career adaptability among dual teachers, focusing on the moderating role of work empowerment. Career adaptability—defined by dimensions of concern, control, curiosity, and confidence—is crucial for navigating transitions and meeting evolving educational and industry demands. Key determinants include personal traits such as self-efficacy and resilience, professional development opportunities, institutional support, workload management, and access to resources. Empowerment, encompassing structural and psychological support, emerges as a critical enabler, enhancing adaptability by providing autonomy, resources, and motivation. Challenges persist, particularly in under-resourced regions like Shaanxi Province, China, where limited professional development and institutional support hinder adaptability. By synthesizing findings from 532 studies, this review highlights actionable strategies to enhance adaptability, including tailored professional development, equitable resource distribution, and empowerment frameworks. These insights aim to guide policymakers and educators in improving dual teachers' effectiveness, ultimately advancing educational quality and socioeconomic impact.

The Law in Macedonia in the Middle Ages According to the Law on Judging People

Liridon Zenku — 2025-02-21

When discussing the law in medieval Macedonia, it is clear that in the early years of the Middle Ages, it was underdeveloped and relied heavily on customary law. Without significant changes, customary law would sometimes transition into written law and vice versa. A significant influence on the law in medieval Macedonia was undoubtedly the Law on Judging People, one of the most renowned historical sources of Slavic law, believed to have been created in the second half of the 9th century or the early 10th century. There is no dispute over the fact that this legal document was modeled on and represents an adaptation of specific articles from Chapter XVII of the Byzantine Ecloga. The Law on Judging People primarily contains criminal law but also includes provisions of private and procedural law. During this period, this code was the main written document that, together with unwritten customary law, constituted the legal framework in medieval Macedonia. Naturally, Byzantine law was also applied in Macedonia at that time. However, with the creation of the Law on Judging People, this law was implemented in Macedonia, and it can be said that it was a much more lenient and tolerant law compared to all previous laws in Byzantium. The Law on Judging People regulated the legal system in this region and, together with customary law, determined punishments. The original manuscript of this document has not been preserved.

Systematic Review: Advances in Machine Learning Frameworks for Predicting Patent Infringements

Kang Jin Gang — 2025-02-17

The rise of patent infringement cases has spurred the demand for innovative solutions in intellectual property (IP) management. This systematic review explores advancements in machine learning (ML) frameworks for predicting patent infringements, focusing on algorithm performance, data balancing, and feature selection. By evaluating Random Forest, Support Vector Machines (SVM), Logistic Regression, and hybrid ensemble models, we provide insights into their strengths and limitations. Key findings highlight the critical role of data preprocessing techniques, such as Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) and Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE), in improving model accuracy. Furthermore, ethical and practical considerations, including scalability and bias mitigation, are discussed. The review concludes by proposing a roadmap for integrating advanced ML techniques into proactive IP protection strategies.

US or CT when it Comes to Monitoring Hepatic Metastases in Patients with Primary GIT and Breast Cancer? Comparative Results of Sensitivity and Specificity of CT and US

Gabriela Dimova — 2025-02-03

Malignant diseases are one of the greatest health challenges at the global level and a major social, public health and economic problem in the 21st century with the three most common types of cancer: lung cancer, breast cancer and colorectal cancer. Radiodiagnostics plays a major role in detecting the primary disease, its stage, the presence or absence of secondary deposits, response to therapy, and monitoring for possible relapses. The current challenge for radiodiagnostic methods is to provide aaccurate, non-invasive method that is highly sensitive and specific and well-tolerated by the patient. We conducted a prospective comparative study over a period of 12 months, which included 82 subjects, patients with metastatic liver disease with primary gastrointestinal tract cancer and breast cancer. Two CT contrast examinations were performed in three phases, as well as four US examinations over a period of 3 months, both examinations within 12 months.The aim of the study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound in relation to all phases of CT taken as the gold standard for detection of hepatic metastases. From the results obtained, US showed the highest sensitivity (100%) and specificity (92.31%) in patients with GIT cancer in hyperechoic changes compared to the arterial phase of CT, while in patients with breast cancer, the sensitivity of US is highest in ring changes (85.71%), and the specificity in isoechoic changes (95%). Regarding the venous phase, US did not show sensitivity for the detection of hepatic lesions in patients with cancer originating from the GIT, while in patients with breast cancer it showed maximum sensitivity (100%) in the detection of ring lesions, and maximum specificity for hypoechoic lesions (100%). US was shown to be sensitive compared to late-phase CT in detecting isoechoic changes in patients with breast cancer (83.33%), but insufficiently sensitive for changes in patients with GIT cancer. The specificity of US is maximum for hypoechoic changes in patients with GIT cancer (100%), and isoechoic changes in patients with breast cancer (88.57%).