School Governance, Instructional Quality, and Stakeholder Engagement: Their Influence on School Effectiveness Through Structural Equation Modeling
Keywords:
Accountability, Educational Success, Effectiveness, Partnerships, Regression Analysis, School ClimateAbstract
In an era of heightened accountability and performance expectations in education, understanding the institutional drivers that contribute to successful educational outcomes is critical. Thus, this study investigates the complex interrelationships among school governance, instructional quality, and stakeholder engagement, and how these interconnected dimensions collectively influence school effectiveness. Utilizing a descriptive and causal research design with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and stratified random sampling to extract the sample size from the identified population of teachers from higher education institutions in Northern Mindanao, the findings revealed that school governance, instructional quality, and stakeholder engagement are consistently observed practices in the institutions. Furthermore, the regression analysis identified all constructs, school governance, instructional quality, and stakeholder engagement as determinants of school effectiveness. However, school governance emerged as the strongest or best predictor, with the highest coefficient, indicating that improvements in governance practices, such as transparency, accountability, and fairness, have the greatest impact on enhancing overall school performance. In addition, the measurement model revealed that all observed variables significantly load onto their respective latent constructs, with significant values across all indicators. These findings and the model fit result index revealed that the structural model only proves to be legitimate, fit, and appropriate for this study. The high and significant loadings suggested that school effectiveness was not a single practice, but rather a combination of governance, instructional quality, and stakeholder engagement within the school system. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that while governance, instruction, and engagement are all crucial dimensions of school operations, their contributions to effectiveness vary in magnitude. These findings may offer a comprehensive strategic framework for educational leaders, policymakers, and institutional heads aiming to drive sustainable improvements in governance, instruction, and engagement.
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