Level of Ammonia, Dust, Production Performance, and Egg Quality of Laying Hens on Cage and Litter System in Tropical Area
Keywords:
Housing system, ammonia, PM2.5, production performance, egg quality.Abstract
High ambient temperature in tropical during rearing period of laying hens cause high level of stress and low productivity. Stress level of laying hens also influenced by the housing system. In Indonesia, most of rearing system of commercial laying hens were cage system (individual cage). So the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the housing system (cage and litter) toward the quality of air, production performance, and egg quality of laying hens. A number of 36 laying hens, 30 weeks old were used. They were placed at 2 small closed houses (30oC). The first house was designed as cage system and the second as litter system. Each of it sized 2x2 m2, and it was filled 18 laying hens. This study used completely randomized design. Data of production performance was analyzed by t-test. Data of air quality and egg quality were descriptively analyzed. Ammonia and PM2.5 level in cage system were lower than litter system. Production performances of laying hens in cage system were higher, with the value of feed conversion ratio was 2.20, and it was better significant than litter system (2.61). Thick and percentage of eggshell in cage system were lower than litter system. There was no dirty egg in cage system but it was 16.67% in litter system. It can be concluded that the rearing of commercial laying hens at 30oC in cage system produced higher air quality, production performance, and egg quality than litter system.
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