Enhancing Socio-Economic Institution Strategic Planning of Ecotourism, Mount Rinjani National Park

Abstract

Mount Rinjani National Park (MRNP) in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia has been becoming more popular as an ecotourism destination. MRNP Agency, the government institution has been conducting ecotourism activities such as trekking, camping, bird and orchid observation etc. Meanwhile, the increasing number of visitors still cannot solve problems on environmental degradation which emerge because of some social and economic issues. This analysis aims to describe the ecotourism problem and program structure to conduct the ecotourism successfully according to the sub-elements of goals, needs, and barriers. The methodology used Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM). The result shows that the key sub-elements of goals are to develop ecotourism which involves community participation and learning process, and to increase income of local people around the ecotourism area. The key sub-element of needs is institution and organization, and its regulation and policies for managing ecotourism.

The key sub-elements of barriers are additional cost in collaboration development process which consists of planning and identification of the stakeholders and their capacity, unequal feeling among stakeholders in ecotourism collaboration because of imbalance power and strength, the lack of community participation because of operational, structural and cultural boundaries.