The Estimation of Carbon Stocks on Palm Oil Plant (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) in Smallholder and State Plantation in Indonesia

Abstract

Palm oil plantations have a very important role for the Indonesian economy. The area of palm oil plantation in 2014 is 10.9 million Ha consisting of Smallholdings 4.55 Million Ha (41.55%), State Plantation (Plantation owned by the government) 0.75 Million Ha (6.85%) and Private Plantation 5.66 Million Ha (51.62%). Plantation land generally comes from deforestation and peat land use. As the results, it's faced with the potential to damage the environment, increasing of global temperature (global warming) due to the increasing of CO₂ emissions (Greenhouse Gas). The understanding that the development of palm oil plantations can still contribute positively is done by the measurement of carbon estimation that can be stocks in a stand (Above Ground Biomass). This research aimed to provide data or information about stocks carbon of palm oil plantation in smallholdings and state plantations. The research was conducted from May to July 2016 in Karang Gading Village for Smallholder Plantations and at Perkebunan Nusantara III Inc. (PTPN III) Sei Putih Estate, Galang Deli Serdang, Sumatera Utara. The research method is mainly guided by [8] carbon measurement. The research results showed that the most biomass found was in old plants that is 153.950 Ton Ha^-1 in Smallholder Plantations and 220.713 Ton Ha^-1 in PTPN III (143%). Carbon stocks in adult plants at Smallholder Plantation is 61.533 Ton Ha^-1 and in PTPN III is 93.417 Ton Ha^-1 (152%). The highest CO₂ total absorption in old plants at PTPN III is 372.608 Ton Ha^-1 with environmental service value as much as 1702.82 USD.